Sequencing DNA from several organisms has revealed that duplication and drift of existing genes have primarily molded the contents of a given genome. Though the effect of knocking out or over-expressing a particular gene has been studied in many organisms, no study has systematically explored the effect of adding new links in a biological network. Most importantly, we find that certain networks consistently survive over the wild-type under various selection pressures. Therefore new links in the network are rarely a barrier for evolution and can even confer a fitness advantage.
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Using deep learning scite has classified over million citation statements from 14 million scientific articles that support, contradict, or mention prior research.
Scite is used by researchers from dozens of countries and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute of Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health. Sign in. Nature volume , issue , P DOI: Abstract: AbstractSequencing DNA from several organisms has revealed that duplication and drift of existing genes have primarily molded the contents of a given genome.
Though the effect of knocking out or overexpressing a particular gene has been studied in many organisms, no study has systematically explored the effect of adding new links in a biological network.
Most importantly, we find that certain networks consistently survive over the wild-type under various selection pressures. Therefore new links in the network are rarely a barrier for evolution and can even confer a fitness advantage. Lower-tier nodes are more sparsely connected and the network structure has a scale-free power-law degree distribution8,9.
It has been argued that such networks are particularly robust to random errors since only a few nodes are highlyconnected hubs, whose perturbation would affect the network drastically This conclusion is based on the effects of deleting or overexpressing individual nodes.
However, the addition of new interactions is thought to be an equally important process for evolution, and the network responses to such changes remain to be systematically explored. Genomes are molded by gene duplication, transfer, mutation and loss. Duplication occurs rapidly in all species11,12 and through mutation serves as material for innovation. This drives cellular network evolution13,14, even though relatively few duplications become fixed in populations11, We therefore chose to reconstruct events where an open reading frame ORF or gene is duplicated and subsequently becomes linked to a new regulatory input.
Reprints and permissions information is available at npg. Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to M. Although evolution is unlikely to take such a direct approach, except in rare cases such as gene fusions in chromosomal rearrangements, our approach provides a systematic way to sample the viability of new connectivity. By adding new connection Classification supporting. Paper Sections Intro. Other sections. Paper Type Research article. About us scite is a Brooklyn-based startup advancing citations with the introduction of smart citations.
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Evolvability and Hierarchy in Rewired Bacterial Gene Networks
By adding new connections between unrelated genes to a gene network, researchers can investigate network robustness and evolvability. When researchers want to understand how a biological network functions, typically they overexpress or knock out the gene of interest and watch the effects unfold. Such manipulations can be enlightening for understanding network robustness, which is essential for evolution. Mark Isalan and his colleagues at the Center for Genomic Regulation in Barcelona, Spain have come up with a new approach to test the robustness and evolvability of gene networks by systematically examining the effects of adding new links between unrelated genes in Escherichia coli.
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Evolvability and hierarchy in rewired bacterial gene networks
Thank you for visiting nature. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript. A Nature Research Journal.
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Sequencing DNA from several organisms has revealed that duplication and drift of existing genes have primarily moulded the contents of a given genome. Though the effect of knocking out or overexpressing a particular gene has been studied in many organisms, no study has systematically explored the effect of adding new links in a biological network. To explore network evolvability, we constructed recombinations of promoters including regulatory regions with different transcription or a-factor genes in Escherichia coli, added over a wild-type genetic background. Most importantly, we find that certain networks consistently survive over the wild type under various selection pressures.
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Using deep learning scite has classified over million citation statements from 14 million scientific articles that support, contradict, or mention prior research. Scite is used by researchers from dozens of countries and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute of Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health. Sign in. Nature volume , issue , P DOI: Abstract: AbstractSequencing DNA from several organisms has revealed that duplication and drift of existing genes have primarily molded the contents of a given genome. Though the effect of knocking out or overexpressing a particular gene has been studied in many organisms, no study has systematically explored the effect of adding new links in a biological network. Most importantly, we find that certain networks consistently survive over the wild-type under various selection pressures.